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The system performs this feat by cross correlating the input signal with a sine and cosine oscillator both tuned to the same frequency. The output of these I and Q channels is then fed to an ArcTangent? Sound to compute the instantaneous phase angle of the input with respect to the oscillators. This phase angle is differentiated with respect to time -- giving a frequency deviation measurement. This deviation is integrated and then fed back to the oscillators with inverted sign. Hence the oscillators adaptively seek out the frequency of the strongest signal component (the feedback squeal) and then generate its anti-sound for mixing with the original sound.
-- DavidMcClain - 23 Nov 2003